Strongly Buoyant Plume Similarity and 'Small-fire' Ventilation

NOTATION A 'Effective area' in Boussinesq ventilation model, see eqn (24) ,4 'Effective area' in non-Boussinesq ventilation model, see eqn (28) A I Area of floor covered by base of fire a Area of vent B Plume buoyancy flux b Plume radius c r Specific heat capacity at constant pressure D Diameter of fire source d Upper-layer depth F Scaled density deficit, a conserved quantity with units of buoyancy flux, see eqn (15) 9 Gravitational acceleration 9' Reduced gravity * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. 235 236 G. G. Roonev, P. F. Linden H Height of compartment ceiling h Height of two-layer interface K Upper-vent discharge coefficient (less than unity) k Lower-vent pressure-loss coefficient (less than unity) L Dimensionless constant in similarity solution, eqn (8) l Flame length M Dimensionless constant in similarity solution, eqn (9) N Dimensionless constant in similarity solution, eqn (10) p Length of perimeter of fire base () Convective power of fire 0, Total (convective and radiative) power of fire r Radial distance from plume axis To Ambient temperature V Plume volume flux W Plume mass flux w Vertical velocity z Vertical distance above floor level zv Virtual-origin depth